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Writing theory

IELTS Academic · Complete course · 22 lessons and sources

Lesson 2 of 22

Understanding the assessment criteria

Each task is assessed through four criteria, equally weighted within that task. Official scoring explanation.

CriterionWhat to check in your own work
Task Achievement: Task 1Accurate selection, an effective overview, and supporting information
Task Response: Task 2A direct answer, a developed position, and relevant support
Coherence and CohesionLogical organisation and clear connections
Lexical ResourceAppropriate, precise vocabulary and controlled spelling
Grammatical Range and AccuracySuitable sentence variety, accurate grammar, and punctuation

At higher bands, the examiner expects increasing control across these areas. For example, Band 7 Task 1 includes a clear overview and appropriate grouping; Band 7 Task 2 includes a clear, developed position with extended support. Band 8 requires more consistently effective development and language control. Band 9 requires exceptional flexibility, precision, and ease of communication, with extremely rare minor errors. These are brief explanations, not a replacement for the full descriptors. Official Writing band descriptors.

Turn the criteria into actions

When reviewing a report, highlight each claim and connect it to a label, number, or visible feature. When reviewing an essay, underline the sentence that answers the question and trace how each paragraph supports it.

Read one paragraph without looking at the prompt. Can you explain its purpose in a few words? If you cannot, its organisation may need attention.

Circle words you chose mainly because they sounded impressive. Replace any that you cannot use confidently. Then mark sentence boundaries and check that every sentence is complete.

Use this review to choose the next practice activity. If your selection is weak, practise identifying features. If your sentences repeatedly break down, practise repairing those structures before writing another full essay.

Official IELTS format ↗